Uganda's Sovereignty Bill: Harsh Penalties for Foreign Agents and Political Influence

Ugandan lawmakers have approved the Protection of Sovereignty Bill, 2026, following intense scrutiny and amendments. The legislation targets foreign interference by criminalizing activities that promote outsiders’ interests in Uganda’s politics.

Agents of foreigners—individuals or entities involved in influencing policy, elections, or public opinion—face up to 10 years in prison, fines of Shs1 billion, or both. Legal entities risk Shs2 billion penalties. Definitions exclude Ugandans abroad or dual citizens, classifying foreigners as non-citizens, foreign governments, NGOs, or international organizations.

Key offenses include fundraising or campaigning for political parties/candidates with foreign backing, swaying governance decisions (up to 20 years imprisonment), or failing to declare funds exceeding Shs400 million annually. Undeclared foreign money must be forfeited to the state, with political groups required to report sources and uses to the Internal Affairs minister.

Publishing false information or actions undermining the economy also carry heavy punishments. Parliament, under Speaker Anita Among, adopted a majority committee report despite protests, limiting time for minority views and drawing bias accusations.

Opponents like Leader of Opposition Joel Ssenyonyi noted President Museveni’s prior disavowal and major changes, while MPs like Medard Ssegona argued it addresses no real issue and violates constitutional sovereignty of the people.

This article is based on reporting from the Daily Monitor.